Understanding the Meaning of Maelstrom

In the novel, the protagonist, a young artist named Clara, reflects on her turbulent childhood memories as she prepares for her upcoming gallery exhibit. During these moments of introspection, she recalls how her understanding of the world evolved, often feeling isolated in her own thoughts. Despite the sporadic bursts of joy found in creating art, challenges loomed large, dictating her emotional landscape. Clara describes her family life as a perpetual maelstrom, with conflicts erupting unexpectedly and leaving a torrent of chaos in their wake. Yet, amidst this turmoil, she discovered a sanctuary in her creative endeavors, ultimately allowing her to channel her feelings into vibrant canvases.

Which of the following words is closest in meaning to