Endocrine System - Hormones of the Adrenal Cortex

The endocrine system is a complex network that regulates a multitude of processes in the human body. Each gland plays a distinct role in maintaining homeostasis through the secretion of hormones. Among these, the adrenal glands are especially noteworthy, as they produce a variety of hormones that are crucial for coping with stress and regulating metabolism.

Given this information, which of the following hormones is primarily secreted by the adrenal cortex, and is significant in regulating sodium and potassium levels in the blood?