Interpreting P-Value Results in Hypothesis Testing

Hard Hypothesis Testing P-values And Significance

A researcher is investigating the effect of a new diet on weight loss and has collected data from two independent groups: one group followed the new diet while the other followed a traditional diet. After performing a statistical test, the researcher reported a p-value of 0.03 for the hypothesis test comparing the mean weight loss between the two groups.

The significance level ( \alpha ) for the test was set at 0.05. Based on the p-value obtained, what can the researcher conclude about the effect of the new diet?

There is not enough evidence to conclude that the new diet is more effective than the traditional diet.

The new diet significantly increases weight loss compared to the traditional diet.

The null hypothesis is confirmed with a p-value less than 0.05.

Hint

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