In the period leading up to the American Revolution and the early years of the Republic, distinct political factions began to emerge, fueled by differing views on government power, individual liberties, and foreign policy. By the late 1790s, two primary political parties had formed: the Federalists and the Democratic-Republicans. These parties represented different ideologies regarding the future direction of the nation.
Which of the following developments most directly contributed to the formation of political parties in the United States during this period?