Separation of Powers in Action

The United States Constitution establishes a system of government that incorporates the principle of separation of powers among three branches: the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. Each branch has distinct responsibilities and powers that provide a system of checks and balances.

Imagine that Congress has just passed a new law aimed at reducing carbon emissions, but the President refuses to sign it into law. Additionally, several states challenge the constitutionality of the law in court. Using this scenario, explain how the separation of powers and checks and balances work within the context of this situation.