Color Perception and Opponent-Process Theory

In the study of visual perception, various theories have been proposed to explain how we perceive color. The trichromatic theory and opponent-process theory are two critical models of color vision that highlight different mechanisms in the visual system. Consider an experiment where participants are asked to identify colors under varying lighting conditions. While some participants show a consistent perception of colors, others experience shifts in color recognition based on the surrounding hues and brightness.

Which theory best explains the phenomenon where individuals perceive the same color differently when presented with contrasting colors?