Acute Myocardial Ischemia in Older Adults

Easy Physiological Adaptation Pathophysiology

A 65-year-old female patient arrives at the emergency department with sudden shortness of breath and chest pain. Preliminary assessment reveals that she has a history of hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. An electrocardiogram (ECG) shows ST-segment elevation in the anterior leads. Which of the following pathophysiological changes is most likely occurring in this patient?

Increased myocardial oxygen demand due to increased heart rate.

Coronary artery vasospasm leading to temporary ischemia.

Myocardial ischemia due to obstruction of coronary blood flow.

Secretion of catecholamines causing systemic vasodilation.

Hint

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