Calculating Cardiac Output for CHF Patient

A 72-year-old female patient is admitted with a diagnosis of congestive heart failure (CHF). The nurse observes that the patient is experiencing an increase in jugular venous distension (JVD) and peripheral edema. To appropriately manage the patient's condition, it is essential to monitor specific hemodynamic parameters.

In this case, the nurse recognizes that \( ext{Cardiac Output} = ext{Heart Rate} imes ext{Stroke Volume}\). If the patient's heart rate is 80 beats per minute and the stroke volume is 60 mL/beat, what is the patient's cardiac output? Fill in the blank below:

Cardiac Output (mL/min): ________________