In a laboratory setting, a chemistry student is preparing a sodium chloride (NaCl) solution by dissolving 5 grams of sodium chloride in enough water to make a total volume of 500 mL. The student is interested in determining the molarity of the sodium chloride solution.
In this context, molarity is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution.
What is the molarity of the sodium chloride solution?