Carbohydrate Metabolism Insights

In the context of carbohydrate biochemistry, consider the enzymatic pathways involved in the metabolism of different forms of carbohydrates, specifically the conversion of polysaccharides to monosaccharides. Glycogen, a polysaccharide, is hydrolyzed by the enzyme glycogen phosphorylase, which plays a crucial role in glucose homeostasis. In mammals, glycogen can be synthesized through a pathway involving several enzymes, most notably glycogen synthase and branching enzyme. Understanding the mechanisms behind these enzymatic actions helps elucidate the overall energy metabolism.

The various forms of carbohydrates (e.g., starch, glycogen, cellulose) differ significantly in their structural properties and digestion abilities in humans, with specific enzymes tasked with breaking down these polymers into simpler sugars. Knowing the implications of carbohydrate digestibility can aid in understanding nutritional biochemistry.

Based on this information, which statement is true regarding the metabolic pathways of carbohydrates and the efficiency of their breakdown in human physiology?