Characterization of Lydia in Modern Fiction

In the following excerpt from a modern novel, we encounter a character named Lydia, a young woman who seems perpetually caught between her ambitions and the expectations placed upon her by family and society. As she walks through the corridors of her dreary office, her mind drifts to dreams of pursuing photography, a passion she abandoned after securing a stable job. Her interactions with her overbearing supervisor reveal the suffocating nature of her work environment.

As the narrator describes Lydia's internal struggles, phrases like 'the yearning whisper of her forgotten dreams' and 'the oppressive gaze of her supervisor felt like chains' illustrate her conflicted state of mind. Within this context, which of the following options best captures the primary method of characterization used to present Lydia?