Compromise in the Constitutional Convention

At the Constitutional Convention of 1787, the delegates faced significant disagreements regarding the structure of the new government. One of the critical issues debated was the balance of power between the states and the federal government. This debate culminated in several proposals, one of which aimed to establish a system that ensured representation based on population, while another sought to maintain equal representation for all states regardless of size. Which proposal became the basis for the structure of Congress as it exists today?