The following is a conversation between a student and a professor discussing sustainable urban development.
Student: I’ve been reading a lot about cities adopting green infrastructure. It seems like a win-win situation for both the environment and urban dwellers.
Professor: Absolutely! Green roofs, rain gardens, and permeable pavements are just a few examples of how cities can manage stormwater effectively while reducing urban heat.
Student: Right! But aren’t there challenges when it comes to implementation? I imagine not all cities can afford these upgrades.
Professor: That’s true. While there are cost concerns, many cities are finding creative financing solutions. For instance, public-private partnerships have been successful in many areas.
Student: So, the collaboration between public and private sectors is crucial. But how do we ensure community engagement in these projects?
Professor: Engaging the community is essential for the success of these initiatives. When residents are involved from the planning stages, they're more likely to support and maintain the projects.
Student: I see what you mean. So, getting feedback from the community not only helps with planning but also builds trust.
Professor: Exactly. If cities can balance the technical aspects with community involvement, they can create more resilient and sustainable urban environments.
Note: This question has been adapted from its original format to accommodate a reading-based version. In the official TOEFL exam, speaking and listening sections require verbal responses and audio prompts, which are not represented here. Please note that this adaptation may not fully reflect the nature or difficulty of the official exam. The audio feature for these sections will be available soon.