In the realm of intelligence theories, various psychologists have proposed distinct models of intelligence that diverge significantly from traditional IQ testing. One such model is Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences, which posits that intelligence is not a single entity but rather encompasses a variety of distinct modalities. In contrast, David Sternberg's triarchic theory emphasizes analytical, creative, and practical intelligence as separate yet interrelated components. Considering these theories, which option best represents a criticism commonly associated with Gardner's theory?