Defining Psychological Disorders

Psychological disorders are often defined by their symptoms, causes, and the impact they have on daily functioning. According to the DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition), a disorder is considered a mental health condition characterized by significant disturbances in thought, emotion, or behavior. Among the various factors considered in diagnosing a psychological disorder, certain characteristics are deemed essential for categorization. Which of the following is considered the most critical for classifying a psychological disorder?