Digestive Enzymes and Their Functions

The human digestive system is a complex series of organs and glands that processes food. Starting with ingestion, the food travels through the gastrointestinal tract where it is broken down, absorbed, and converted into energy. Enzymes, acids, and digestive juices are critical in this process, helping to break down macronutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. After nutrient absorption in the small intestine, the remaining indigestible parts are passed into the large intestine, where water is reabsorbed and feces are formed. Understanding the roles of different organs in this system is essential for comprehending human physiology.

The role of enzymes in the digestive process cannot be overstated. These biological catalysts speed up the breakdown of food substances, allowing for the efficient absorption of nutrients. Enzymes such as amylase, protease, and lipase each target specific macromolecules.