Distinguishing Features of Mitochondria

Hard Biology Cell Structure And Function

In eukaryotic cells, organelles play critical roles in maintaining cellular function and structure. Mitochondria, known as the powerhouses of the cell, are responsible for the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) through oxidative phosphorylation. Another organelle, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), is crucial for the synthesis of proteins and lipids.

Which of the following statements correctly identifies a structural feature that distinguishes mitochondria from the endoplasmic reticulum and relates it to its function?

Mitochondria have a double membrane structure with an intermembrane space that facilitates the creation of a proton gradient for ATP synthesis.

Mitochondria lack ribosomes, which are essential for protein synthesis, while the endoplasmic reticulum is studded with ribosomes.

Mitochondria store calcium ions which are necessary for lipid synthesis in contrast to the endoplasmic reticulum.

Mitochondria possess a single membrane structure that integrates with the nuclear membrane to regulate gene expression.

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