A group of researchers conducted an experiment to determine the effect of fertilizer type on plant growth. They set up three groups of plants, each receiving a different type of fertilizer (A, B, or C) while keeping all other conditions constant, such as water, sunlight, and soil type. After 6 weeks, they measured the height of the plants and recorded the data.
Based on the design of this experiment, which aspect is critical to ensuring the results are valid and reliable?