Evaluating a Fitness Program's Effectiveness

Very Hard Critical Reasoning Evaluating Data Arguments

A recent analysis by the Health and Wellness Institute revealed that participants in a new fitness program reported a 50% increase in their overall fitness levels compared to those who did not participate. While many participants mentioned improvements in endurance and strength, critics argue that self-reported data may not fully capture actual fitness improvements. The study was conducted over six months and involved 200 participants.

Given this information, which of the following statements most significantly weakens the argument that the fitness program led to actual improvements in fitness levels?

Most participants in the fitness program were previously inactive, making any improvements in fitness potentially more pronounced.

Many individuals in the non-participating group also reported improvements in their fitness levels during the same period.

The fitness program required a significant financial investment from participants, influencing their motivation to report positive outcomes.

Several program participants had prior training experience, potentially skewing their perception of improvement.

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