Federalism and Environmental Regulation

Hard Unit 1: Foundations Of Democracy Federalism

Federalism in the United States is characterized by a division of powers that can lead to both cooperation and conflict between national and state governments. Recently, a debate has surfaced concerning the balance of powers, particularly regarding environmental regulation.

In light of this, consider the legal implications surrounding the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and state-led environmental initiatives. Which of the following scenarios best illustrates how federalism can create tension between state and federal authority regarding environmental regulations?

A state implements stricter air quality standards than the federal government mandates.

The federal government funds a state program aimed at reducing carbon emissions.

Both the federal and state governments simultaneously relax regulations on industrial waste.

A state sues the federal government to block new EPA regulations that undermine local environmental efforts.

Hint

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