Read the following argument:

'The debate surrounding the effectiveness of standardized testing in educational systems has escalated in recent years. Critics argue that these tests do not accurately reflect a student's capabilities, as they often favor students from affluent backgrounds who have access to resources such as tutoring. Proponents, however, contend that standardized tests provide a uniform metric to evaluate educational outcomes across diverse demographics. They assert that, despite their imperfections, these tests are essential for maintaining accountability in schools.'