When evaluating perception in psychology, it is essential to consider how context and prior experiences can influence our interpretation of sensory information. One well-known phenomenon illustrating this is the 'frame of reference' effect, where the surrounding context alters the perception of an object or event.

In a classic example of the frame of reference effect, a group of participants is shown two rectangles side by side. Although both rectangles are the same size, the rectangle on the left is surrounded by larger rectangles, while the one on the right is surrounded by smaller rectangles. Participants often report the left rectangle as being smaller than the right one due to the contextual size of the surrounding shapes. This raises questions about how perception operates beyond mere sensory input.

Which of the following concepts best describes the type of perceptual bias illustrated by the frame of reference effect?