In electrochemistry, we often study the relationship between chemical reactions and electrical energy. One of the most commonly discussed concepts is that of an electrochemical cell, which can either be a galvanic (voltaic) cell or an electrolytic cell. A galvanic cell generates electrical energy from spontaneous chemical reactions, while an electrolytic cell uses electrical energy to drive a non-spontaneous reaction.
Consider a galvanic cell composed of a copper electrode submerged in a copper(II) sulfate solution and a zinc electrode submerged in a zinc sulfate solution. The standard electrode potentials ( E° ) for these half-reactions are as follows:
Cu2+ + 2e- → Cu(s) E° = +0.34 V
Zinc ion reduction: Zn2+ + 2e- → Zn(s) E° = -0.76 V
Based on this information, which electrode acts as the anode in this galvanic cell?