Impact of Cytochrome c Oxidase Inhibition on ATP Production

Very Hard Biochemistry Bioenergetics

In mitochondria, the process of oxidative phosphorylation is a critical pathway for generating ATP, the primary energy currency of the cell. This process involves the electron transport chain (ETC) and the chemiosmotic coupling to ATP synthase. The electron transport chain consists of a series of complexes that pass electrons through a series of redox reactions. Consider the following scenarios involving electron transport chain (ETC) inhibitors and their effects on bioenergetics:

A researcher is investigating the impact of a specific inhibitor that targets cytochrome c oxidase (Complex IV). Additionally, the researcher notes that this inhibitor does not influence proton pumping at earlier complexes in the chain.

Which of the following statements correctly describes the consequence of inhibiting cytochrome c oxidase on ATP production in this cellular context?

ATP production will be completely abolished due to lack of proton gradient.

ATP production will decrease significantly, but some ATP may still be generated through substrate-level phosphorylation.

ATP production will remain unchanged as the inhibition does not affect earlier complexes.

ATP synthesis will cease until the inhibitor is removed, but the proton gradient will remain intact.

Hint

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