Impact of Urbanization on Ecosystems

The following excerpt is from an analysis of the impact of urbanization on local ecosystems:

As urban areas expand, the surrounding natural environments face significant challenges. Urban sprawl often leads to habitat fragmentation, which can disrupt local wildlife and plant populations. Furthermore, increased pollution and runoff can affect waterways, leading to degraded water quality. In light of these factors, understanding the relationship between urban growth and ecological balance becomes essential for sustainable urban planning.

Which of the following best describes the central idea of this passage?