Kinematics of a Roller Coaster

A small roller coaster car of mass 200 kg is initially at rest at the top of a hill that is 30 meters high. As it descends the hill, it converts potential energy into kinetic energy. Neglecting friction and air resistance, what will be the velocity of the car at the bottom of the hill?

Use the conservation of energy principle which states that the total energy in an isolated system remains constant. Potential energy (PE) at the top is given by PE = mgh, where m is mass, g is acceleration due to gravity (approximately 9.8 m/s²), and h is height. The kinetic energy (KE) at the bottom is given by KE = 1/2 mv², where v is the final velocity.