Kohlberg's Level of Moral Development

Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of moral development is divided into three levels: preconventional, conventional, and postconventional. Each level is characterized by different motivations for moral reasoning. The preconventional level typically emphasizes consequences and personal benefits, while the conventional level focuses on societal norms and laws. At the highest level, postconventional reasoning reflects a deeper understanding of ethical principles. In this context, which of the following best describes the main characteristic of the postconventional level of moral reasoning?