Pathophysiological Adaptations in COPD

Easy Physiological Adaptation Pathophysiology

A nursing student is studying the pathophysiology of common diseases to prepare for their NCLEX-RN exam. They focus on understanding the key physiological changes that occur in various conditions. To reinforce their learning, they are asked to identify which of the following physiological adaptations are commonly associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Select all that apply:

Airway obstruction and decreased airflow.

Increased production of mucus.

Respiratory acidosis due to carbon dioxide retention.

Hyperventilation leading to respiratory alkalosis.

Increased work of breathing.

Cyanosis due to inadequate oxygenation.

Hint

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