Purpose of Speech in Urbanization Impact Lecture
Listen to the following excerpt from a lecture about the impact of urbanization on local ecosystems.
"As cities expand rapidly, we often overlook the consequences this has on the biodiversity around us. Various species that were once thriving in these environments face dramatic shifts as their habitats are encroached upon. For instance, migratory birds, which depend on specific nesting areas, find themselves unable to return to their traditional sites due to urban development. The reduction of green spaces not only threatens avian populations but also disrupts the ecological balance, as these birds play crucial roles in pest control and pollination. It is essential to include conservation efforts in urban planning to ensure that we don't sacrifice nature for progress. Urban planners need to recognize that a healthy ecosystem is imperative for the sustainability of cities, and without it, the very foundation of urban living is at risk. Furthermore, public awareness and community involvement are crucial in promoting this balance. Without active participation from residents, any efforts made to preserve nature amidst urban growth may be insufficient or entirely futile."
Note: This question has been adapted from its original format to accommodate a reading-based version. In the official TOEFL exam, speaking and listening sections require verbal responses and audio prompts, which are not represented here. Please note that this adaptation may not fully reflect the nature or difficulty of the official exam. The audio feature for these sections will be available soon.