Understanding Acids and Bases

Acids and bases are fundamental concepts in chemistry that play a critical role in biological systems. An acid is a substance that donates protons (H⁺ ions) in a solution, while a base is a substance that accepts protons. The pH scale, which ranges from 0 to 14, is used to quantify the acidity or basicity of a solution. A solution with a pH of 7 is considered neutral, whereas a pH less than 7 indicates acidity and a pH greater than 7 indicates alkalinity.

Given this background, which of the following statements about acids and bases is correct?