Understanding Adaptive Radiation and Competition

Medium Biology Evolution

The concept of adaptive radiation refers to the rapid diversification of a common ancestor into a variety of forms that are adapted to different environments. This phenomenon can often be observed following the colonization of a new habitat, where species evolve to exploit new ecological niches. A classic example of this is found in the finches of the Galápagos Islands, which showcase a range of beak shapes adapted to different food sources.

In the context of adaptive radiation, which of the following statements is most accurate regarding the role of competition in species evolution?

Competition only leads to extinction and does not influence the evolution of remaining species.

Increased competition among species can drive natural selection, resulting in niche differentiation and speciation.

Competition among species results in a linear evolutionary path where only one species can dominate.

Competition reduces genetic diversity, which is necessary for adaptive radiation to occur.

Hint

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