In the world of environmental science, debates around the ethics of conservation often highlight the tension between human needs and ecosystem preservation. Proponents of conservation argue that prioritizing ecological health is essential for long-term sustainability, as it ensures the survival of diverse species and the overall health of the planet. Meanwhile, opponents argue that such measures can impede economic development and restrict access to resources that communities rely upon. In particular, the establishment of protected areas may displace local populations, leading to potential conflicts between conservation goals and social equity. As conservation challenges evolve, researchers and policymakers must seek a balance that respects both environmental integrity and human rights.