Understanding DNA Polymerase Activity in Replication

Very Hard Biochemistry Nucleic Acids And Dna Replication

During the process of DNA replication, the action of DNA polymerases is crucial for synthesizing new strands complementary to the original template. However, DNA polymerases exhibit different activities which are essential for ensuring the integrity and fidelity of DNA synthesis. Consider the process of DNA replication in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, and think about the various functions of DNA polymerases involved.

Which of the following statements accurately describes an essential feature of DNA polymerase's activity during DNA replication?

DNA polymerase can initiate the synthesis of a new DNA strand independently without a primer.

DNA polymerase III in prokaryotes has the capability to proofread newly synthesized DNA using its 5' to 3' exonuclease activity.

The synthesis of DNA is always conducted in the 5' to 3' direction, which means that the polymerase cannot synthesize in the opposite direction.

DNA polymerases are able to incorporate ribonucleotides into the nascent DNA strand during replication.

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