Understanding Internal Attributions in Attribution Theory

Attribution Theory is a fundamental concept in social psychology that seeks to explain how we determine the reasons behind people's behavior. When assessing behavior, individuals often consider whether the cause is internal (personal factors) or external (situational factors). For instance, when a student fails an exam, their peers might attribute the failure to the student's lack of effort or understanding, representing an internal attribution, or they may believe that the exam was particularly difficult, representing an external attribution. Which of the following best represents an example of an internal attribution?