Understanding Leaf Color Change in Autumn

Every autumn, the leaves of many trees undergo a striking transformation. As temperatures drop, chlorophyll—the green pigment in leaves—begins to degrade. This process allows other pigments, such as carotenoids and anthocyanins, to become visible. The result is a beautiful display of oranges, yellows, and reds. This phenomenon attracts many tourists to regions known for their vibrant fall foliage.

Despite its beauty, the change in leaf color is a signal of the impending winter. Trees begin to conserve energy, preparing for months of cold weather. In addition to their visual appeal, these changing leaves also serve an important ecological role by providing essential nutrients to the soil when they eventually fall and decompose.