Understanding Natural Selection Outcomes

The process of evolution is driven by several mechanisms, one of which is natural selection. Natural selection suggests that individuals with traits that confer a survival advantage are more likely to reproduce and pass those traits on to the next generation. A classic example of this process is observed in the population of peppered moths, which changed color in response to pollution during the Industrial Revolution.

Considering natural selection and its effects on populations over time, which of the following statements accurately describes an outcome or characteristic resulting from this mechanism?