Understanding Ocean Ecosystems
Listen carefully to the following passage:
Today, we'll be discussing the significance of the ocean ecosystems. The oceans cover about 71% of the Earth's surface and are home to a rich diversity of life forms. They play critical roles in regulating climate, supporting food chains, and providing resources such as fish and minerals. For instance, coral reefs, often referred to as the 'rainforests of the sea,' are vital for marine biodiversity and serve as natural barriers protecting coastlines from erosion. Additionally, the ocean acts as a major carbon sink, absorbing a significant amount of the carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere. However, these ecosystems are currently facing threats from pollution, overfishing, and climate change. It is essential that we understand these issues to protect our oceans for future generations.
Note: This question has been adapted from its original format to accommodate a reading-based version. In the official TOEFL exam, speaking and listening sections require verbal responses and audio prompts, which are not represented here. Please note that this adaptation may not fully reflect the nature or difficulty of the official exam. The audio feature for these sections will be available soon.