Listen to the following passage:
Good morning, everyone! Today, I want to discuss the impact of public transportation on urban areas. Public transportation systems, such as buses, subways, and trains, play a vital role in the daily lives of millions of people. They provide a reliable and affordable way for individuals to commute to work, school, and other destinations.
Moreover, using public transportation can significantly reduce traffic congestion and lower carbon emissions, which is beneficial for the environment. Cities that prioritize public transport often see improvements in air quality and a decrease in the number of vehicles on the road.
Additionally, public transportation can promote social equity by offering accessibility to people from various economic backgrounds. It is a vital resource that connects communities and enables people to access jobs, education, and healthcare.
In conclusion, investment in public transportation is crucial for sustainable urban development and enhancing the quality of life for city residents.
Note: This question has been adapted from its original format to accommodate a reading-based version. In the official TOEFL exam, speaking and listening sections require verbal responses and audio prompts, which are not represented here. Please note that this adaptation may not fully reflect the nature or difficulty of the official exam. The audio feature for these sections will be available soon.
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