Understanding the Meaning of 'Anguish'

In the 19th century, many writers experimented with the form and content of literature, pushing the boundaries of traditional structures. One such writer, in his novel, articulated the complexities of human emotions and societal norms through layered characters and intricate plot lines. His use of the word 'anguish' in a particularly vivid scene encapsulated the distress felt by the protagonist.

This word choice effectively conveyed the emotional turmoil, which was further emphasized by the surrounding context of abandonment and societal rejection.

Based on this excerpt and the discussion of the author's word choice, what is the most likely meaning of 'anguish' as used in the text?