Impact of Urban Design on Health

In recent decades, studies have shown a significant increase in the prevalence of chronic illnesses among adults. Researchers attribute this trend to a combination of factors including increased stress levels, sedentary lifestyles, and poor dietary habits. In response to these alarming findings, public health officials have initiated various campaigns aimed at raising awareness about the importance of healthy living. These initiatives focus not only on individual responsibility but also on societal structures that influence health outcomes, such as access to nutritious food and opportunities for physical activity.

One particular study highlighted in a recent health journal examined the correlation between urban sprawl and rising health issues. The study found that communities with more compact designs, including accessible parks and walkable neighborhoods, reported lower instances of obesity and related diseases. In contrast, those in sprawling areas often face challenges such as limited access to fitness facilities and unhealthy food environments.

Based on the analysis presented, what is the primary role of urban design according to the study?