The Constitutional Convention of 1787 was convened to address the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation. Delegates from various states gathered in Philadelphia and engaged in intense debates over the structure of government, representation, and individual rights. Key figures such as George Washington, James Madison, and Alexander Hamilton played significant roles in these discussions. One of the major outcomes of the Convention was the Great Compromise, which established a bicameral legislature. However, the debates were not solely about structure; they also centered around the balance of power between federal and state governments.
In the context of the debates at the Convention, which of the following provisions was included in the final Constitution to address concerns about the potential for federal overreach and to secure ratification by those wary of a central government?