Impacts of the Columbian Exchange

Hard Period 1: 1491–1607 Columbian Exchange

The Columbian Exchange greatly influenced global agriculture and population dynamics in the years following Columbus's voyages. This ecological shift not only introduced new crops and livestock to different continents but also had profound socio-economic impacts. As you analyze the effects of this exchange, consider the consequences of the introduction of European livestock to the Americas and the exchange of New World crops to Europe. Which of the following statements accurately reflects an important aspect of the Columbian Exchange during this period?

The introduction of horses and cattle to the Americas led to the decline of Indigenous agricultural practices.

The exchange of maize and potatoes from the Americas significantly contributed to population growth in Europe.

The spread of diseases such as smallpox was minimized due to the introduction of European medicinal practices.

The Columbian Exchange resulted primarily in economic gain for Indigenous populations through trade.

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